Author: Romi Satria Wahono · Published: August 25, 2006 · Category: Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak
The first object-oriented language is generally acknowledged to be Simula-67, developed in 1967. This language never had a significant following, although it greatly influenced the developers of several of the later object-oriented languages. The object-oriented movement became active with the widespread availability of Smalltalk in the early 1980s, followed by other object-oriented languages, such as Objective C, C++, Eiffel and CLOS. About five years after Smalltalk became widely known, the first object-oriented development methods were published by Shlaer/Mellor [Shlaer-1988] and Coad/ Yourdon [Coad-1991], followed closely by books by Booch [Booch-1991], Rumbaugh [Rumbaugh-1991], Wirfs-Brock [Wirfs-Brock-1990]. The first phase was complete by the end of 1990. The Objectory book [Jacobson-1992] was published slightly later, based on work that had appeared earlier papers. This book took a somewhat different approach, with its focus on use cases and the development process.
Over the next five years, a plethora of books on object-oriented methodology appeared, each with its own set of concepts, definitions, notations, terminology, and process. Some added useful new concept, but overall there was a great similarity among the concepts proposed by different authors. Many of the newer books started from one or more of the existing methods and made extensions or minor changes.
There were some early attempts to unify concepts among methods. The first successful attempt to combine and replace existing approaches came when Rumbaugh joined Booch at Rational Software Corporation in 1994. They began combining the concepts from the OMT and Booch methods, resulting in a first proposal in 1995. At that time, Jacobson also joined Rational and began working with Booch and Rumbaugh. Their joint work was called the Unified Modeling Language (UML).
In 1996, the Object Management Group (OMG) issued a request for proposals for standard approach to object-oriented modeling. UML authors Booch, Jacobson, and Rumbaugh began working with methodologists and developers from other companies to produce a proposal attractive to the membership of OMG, as well as a modeling language that would be widely accepted by tool makers, methodologists, and developers who would be the eventual users. Several competing effort also were started. Eventually, all the proposals coalesced in the final UML proposal that was submitted to the OMG in September 1997. The latest OMG-UML specification [UML-1999] may be found the Internet at http://www.omg.org andhttp://www.rational.org.
This paper presents a comprehensif introduction to object-oriented analysis and design. A simple example of the software project for Automated Teller Machines (ATM) network is given in this paper. It is provided for a comprehensive explanation about how to use the object-oriented analysis and design methodology, especially Rumbaugh OMT method.
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